Neurofeedback & qEEG Research Library
A 2024 meta-analysis reported moderate pooled effects of neurofeedback on depressive symptoms, neurophysiological outcomes and neuropsychological functioning.
Why this finding matters
The review found moderate pooled effects across depressive symptoms, brain-based measures and cognitive functioning. That pattern is encouraging because depression can affect mood, energy, concentration and daily performance—not only one symptom score.
Research Spotlight
22 studies synthesized
- Depression symptoms g −0.600
- Neurophysiology g −0.726
- Neuropsychological function g −0.418
- Methods varied
What the evidence suggests
Across 22 studies, the pooled effect size for depression symptoms was Hedges g −0.600. The reported effects were −0.726 for neurophysiological outcomes and −0.418 for neuropsychological functioning.
What this could mean for you
The findings support considering neurofeedback as a complementary intervention for selected clients with depression, particularly within an integrated plan that may include psychotherapy, medication review and lifestyle supports.
A careful, individualized next step
Research informs—but does not replace—individual clinical judgment. We review symptoms, diagnosis, previous treatment, medications, contraindications, functional goals and the strength of evidence for the proposed protocol. A consultation does not guarantee that treatment will be recommended.
Could neurofeedback complement your care?
We can review your goals, current treatment and the limits of the evidence before deciding whether a structured neurofeedback plan is reasonable.
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Related Calgary service: Neurofeedback Calgary
Study citation
Xia et al. Uncovering the power of neurofeedback: a meta-analysis of its effectiveness in treating major depressive disorders. PMID: 38889442 · DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae252.
View the original record on PubMed
Educational information only. Findings from pooled research do not predict individual outcomes and may involve devices or protocols that differ from EXOMIND.